According to international law, people possess the right to self-determination, based on which they can freely determine and pursue their political status as well as their economic, social, and cultural development. The Israeli regime, in the war against Gaza that escalated and intensified from 7 October 2023, has committed extensive and systematic violations of fundamental human rights rules, some of which are considered jus cogens, including the right to self-determination of the people. This study, employing a mixed (descriptive-analytical) approach and drawing on library, online sources, and authoritative international judicial documents and precedents, aims to elucidate the right to self-determination and its dimensions, and to identify the instances of violations of the right to self-determination of the people of Gaza by the Israeli regime after 7 October 2023. It seeks to answer the question: “How can international responsibility be attributed to Israel due to the violation of the peremptory rule of the right to self-determination of the people of Gaza?” The findings indicate that, in light of the extensively documented human rights violations, and based on the provisions of conventions and international mechanisms, international responsibility can indeed be attributed to the Israeli regime for the committed international human rights crimes.